(Feb. 15, 1876. AIRPORT AUTHORITIES. If the Board of Directors is elected they shall be elected by the qualified voters of the county which chooses to elect the Directors to represent that county. Sec. 4 of Comanche County. (b) For the purpose of hearing cases, the Court of Criminal Appeals may sit in panels of three Judges, the designation thereof to be under rules established by the court. A republican form of government is distinguished from a direct democracy, which the Founding Fathers had no intentions of entering. Sec. (a) The Supreme Court is responsible for the efficient administration of the judicial branch and shall promulgate rules of administration not inconsistent with the laws of the state as may be necessary for the efficient and uniform administration of justice in the various courts. Anna M. Tinsley. Voter turnout for the constitutional amendment elections could be improved if: they were held at the same time as presidential elections. (Feb. 15, 1876. Sec. If an election is called under this subsection, the commissioners court shall order the ballot for the election to be printed to permit voting for or against the proposition: "Reinstating the office of Constable of Precinct No. Create a standalone learning module, lesson, assignment, assessment or activity, Submit OER from the web for review by our librarians, Please log in to save materials. 4 of Comanche County, Texas. Sec. [8], At the 1787 Constitutional Convention, a proposal to include the phrase, "new States shall be admitted on the same terms with the original States", was defeated. In Corfield the circuit court sustained a New Jersey law giving state residents the exclusive right to gather clams and oysters. Sec. Commissioners may succeed themselves in office only if having served less than three (3) consecutive years. Amended Aug. 11, 1891, and Nov. 5, 1985.). When a judge of the District Court is disqualified by any of the causes above stated, the parties may, by consent, appoint a proper person to try said case; or upon their failing to do so, a competent person may be appointed to try the same in the county where it is pending, in such manner as may be prescribed by law. (f) In addition to the statewide reapportionment, the board may reapportion the judicial districts of the state as the necessity for reapportionment appears by redesignating, in one or more reapportionment orders, the county or counties that comprise the specific judicial districts affected by those reapportionment orders. Counties of a less area than nine hundred, but of seven hundred or more square miles, within counties now existing, may be created by a two-thirds vote of each House of the Legislature, taken by yeas and nays and entered on the journals. Attempts to write a new constitution for Texas: have little prospect for success in the next few years. Alabama is, therefore, entitled to the sovereignty and jurisdiction over all the territory within her limits to maintain any other doctrine, is to deny that Alabama has been admitted into the union on an equal footing with the original states to Alabama belong the navigable waters and soils under them. (1) Subject to the further provisions of this Section, the Legislature shall provide for the retirement and compensation of Justices and Judges of the Appellate Courts and District and Criminal District Courts on account of length of service, age and disability, and for their reassignment to active duty where and when needed. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. Congressional restrictions on the equality of states, even when those limitations have been found in the acts of admission, have been held void by the Supreme Court. Clause Two requires that fugitives from justice may be extradited on the demand of executive authority of the state from which they fled. For more information about UELMA, please see the council . To be eligible for appointment or election as a district judge, a person must: (1) be a citizen of the United States and a resident of this State; (2) be licensed to practice law in this State; (3) have been a practicing lawyer or a Judge of a Court in this State, or both combined, for eight years next preceding the judge's election, during which time the judge's license to practice law has not been revoked, suspended, or subject to a probated suspension; (4) have resided in the district in which the judge was elected for two years next preceding the election; and. The Texas Constitutional Convention of 1875 met in Austin with the purpose of replacing the Constitution of 1869; it was believed that the new constitution should restrict the state government and hand the power back to the people. The vote in the House was 69 for repeal and 38 against, which was short of the two-to-one vote required to amend the Constitution. Salary. Sec. The powers, duties, and records of the office are transferred to the County Sheriff. 14: See Appendix, Note 3. No more than one (1) such election may be called in a county until after the expiration of one (1) year in the event such an election has failed, and thereafter only upon a petition of ten per cent (10%) of the qualified voters being presented to the Commissioners Court or Commissioners Courts of the county or counties in which such an election has failed. Hi, it looks like JavaScript has been disabled in your browser. 4. No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due. (f) Any city which owns airport facilities not serving certificated airlines which are not purchased or acquired or taken over as herein provided by such Authority shall have the power to operate the same under the existing laws or as the same may hereafter be amended. However, the great majority of agencies are created by statute and must function under the separation requirement, thus compelling Texas courts to establish parameters for . (f) Nov. 6, 2001; Subsec. Article Four of the United States Constitution outlines the relationship between the various states, as well as the relationship between each state and the United States federal government. (e) The Legislature shall also provide for the holding of District Court when the Judge thereof is absent, or is from any cause disabled or disqualified from presiding. CLERKS OF APPELLATE COURTS. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISIONS for Sec. (e) Unless the legislature enacts a statewide reapportionment of the judicial districts following each federal decennial census, the board shall convene not later than the first Monday of June of the third year following the year in which the federal decennial census is taken to make a statewide reapportionment of the districts. Notes of Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Article_Four_of_the_United_States_Constitution&oldid=1142197942, Articles of the United States Constitution, Articles with dead external links from January 2023, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 01:36. The concurrence of a majority of the judges sitting in a section is necessary to decide a case. (a) The Judicial Districts Board is created to reapportion the judicial districts authorized by Article V, Section 7, of this constitution. Sec. 4. Since the 1987 case of Puerto Rico v. Branstad, federal courts may also use the Extradition Clause to require the extradition of fugitives. Please take our patron satisfaction survey! Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Nov. 4, 1958, and Nov. 6, 2001.) Under the law relating to the removal of an active Justice or Judge, the Commission and the review tribunal may prohibit a retired or former Judge from holding judicial office in the future or from sitting on a court of this State by assignment. Article 4 of the Texas Constitution describes the executive department (branch) of Texas. (2) prescribe a reasonable period, which may not exceed 45 days, after the provision of that notice during which the court may not enter a judgment holding the statute unconstitutional. Said court shall dispose of probate business either in term time or vacation, under such regulation as may be prescribed by law. The County Attorneys shall represent the State in all cases in the District and inferior courts in their respective counties; but if any county shall be included in a district in which there shall be a District Attorney, the respective duties of District Attorneys and County Attorneys shall in such counties be regulated by the Legislature. Texas utilizes a "plural executive" which means the power of the Governor are limited and distributed amongst other executive officials. The first ten amendments to the Constitution became known as the Bill of Rights. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT Sec. Some contend that the clause requires Congress to treat all citizens equally. 12. Sec. The current constitution took effect on February 15, 1876. HOSPITAL DISTRICTS: REGULATION OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES. The federal government owns about twenty-eight percent of the land in the United States. If such tax is authorized, no political subdivision or municipality within or having the same boundaries as the district may levy a tax for medical or hospital care for needy individuals, nor shall they maintain or erect hospital facilities, but the district shall by resolution assume all such responsibilities and shall assume all of the liabilities and obligations (including bonds and warrants) of such subdivisions or municipalities or both. Sec. They differed from provisions in the 1827 Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas. (Feb. 15, 1876. The Privileges and Immunities Clause requires interstate protection of "privileges and immunities," preventing each state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner. In a series of opinions by the Supreme Court of the United States, referred to as the Insular Cases, the Court ruled that the territories belonged to, but were not part of the United States. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. Justices of the peace shall be ex officio notaries public. The legislature shall set the maximum tax rate a district may levy. Fort Worth Star-Telegram. The legislature by law may determine the health care services a hospital district is required to provide, the requirements a resident must meet to qualify for services, and any other relevant provisions necessary to regulate the provision of health care to residents. Should the Legislature enact legislation in anticipation of the adoption of this amendment, such legislation shall not be invalid by reason of its anticipatory character. 19. (a) The Legislature may by law authorize the creation of a Hospital District to be co-extensive with the limits of County Commissioners Precinct No. It also forbids the creation of new states from parts of existing states without the consent of the affected states and Congress. (b) Each of said Courts of Appeals shall hold its sessions at a place in its district to be designated by the Legislature, and at such time as may be prescribed by law. Why is the Texas Constitution So Dang Long? (5) The Commission may hold its meetings, hearings and other proceedings at such times and places as it shall determine but shall meet at Austin at least once each year. (2000). ARTICLE 4. When any part of a county is stricken off and attached to, or created into another county, the part stricken off shall be holden for and obliged to pay its proportion of all the liabilities then existing, of the county from which it was taken, in such manner as may be prescribed by law. Article Seven, the last and shortest of the Constitution's original articles, stipulated that the Constitution, before it could become established as the "Law of the Land", must obtain the consent of the people by being ratified by popular conventions within the several states. 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