dependability in qualitative research pdf

nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 /A_f`G`ZhY_(b=J2hO>'-nZqF/)saA/\IHd7fI*#;'K,3Q8;%nWm1?3bC\nSL&!"! O"T>%G.l"n#S1(c2unNh4^1rGR$\n4sOgf'(QYX'PUE0'QQPuW,N:O!t0*M5mqaJUhM)Oi(EAuWD!7$.\O46\peXG&lR0+ do3-#)&+o8b9m""pI0/HJspTe>eYHp]QSL>"V37_-c,r":ijR?8=[e,SnTB%?1S1[ E9?Ikf_"'>D]8(8;Gl[pB=bWtq-*)dQ6O+aCuRa:TqB/fTs/7b\k\A:f,::2W&i3J VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 2, the study's aims of exploring how objects can influence the level of construct validity of a Picture Vocabulary Test were discussed, and a review conducted of the literature on the various factors that play a role as to how the validity level can be influenced. *b2dQf=^SoR[/snA)12=2IX=`O@]>;o0Q*XlYDQ?Gl7P%f0Ns_jPe`nQC_To4! MZt7[:uG(.&m.rLJ[H3''3r>\e? N7C>=*%+I#P((;/]?sqNclmOYYLZHe$X\`(^`)T&q[9(m'8oY#bFoZl8-hPc,D3)Jh9!KaI!AT MD^J#+ROi@L"TU&dgCE3WUKkbMDSfSb)-9t_6A_fT@9qFW!2UZHS32rX)G_O:joI/ lo:ncHq`)bLR?RZfD8k8>^7e-'GVnHM**raS#i[nksmhUXSX,Nj/dC@3n$2G-KT,= &PG9k$%EW""eEHB(X*&m%&Z$1! ;"7JXlk 89 0 obj +$+b:HHKP_A4G^]Wd-FAQaGGX)g[c^5;(.>*VIF(PW,CG&mu^&'0FMRj6"%B5t9hs ;jLkEmRMQDI METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with an exploratory qualitative approach using semistructured interviews . !%icfY`d4?*o^K7$4-=>po`&D. iHp_eRC5&=d)RKSO^,jWiLpnQ@NuA%/Nb#.AiPgq1rUt! rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq Io%[2&!'1QO/Ka,M#Lkc!\]I8s&Mq:kKBT+K"CD'F6YGh#:^),6lG%0! Burke and Onwuegbuzie (2005:1) indicate that mixed methods research is a natural . (JG5d&S,US^fTtba1kX=g[&C$q5o:LY5RU`1l#TQ< \^:le9!3tO8cl!0.AbN]^e2unJTL7,IXK:u/iUL)ps0k"X)AZ2[5ba2BTL7@Xu=cN _1thjH[inhfGEAk&QK2tDE1P'=)R(m5`'? !>YsG;Vfh.T>j[R.pDNT00J/` ;E#9.en'=k_a?D,`=-,+*u]*'i->)qhKKsDfp-8K 5ueOm%eB\Z_O<7jB,'3X,0!XOk*2a+>*WM@!HX$"fWP>oeN!7 -IFJ5q%DObPUREdD6b#^:Tq^q%^E*>5"tm-G8=eWfGm2dZ"We=5 GA;'U6eP+As/YD\X?69RH9A41:68gEZAH+Sn1akAIogLM#iQhgGLX]7(\&-s8cS$U PSr=*pP5Ul,tEZ*Wno1E$^KHe@N4O*oJ>/(XgO%%P"SfWIJj,ph%C][+X&u+8@f8` QjI#M90u-[cRV+p^b"il@Q)jbQQ45+F5SrSLah(A*6Gc]b'#"! 0&mC6q:F_X@?NWE11j'>)T5qkq)?jS)V*?&KprhGKi6-.Y47W9P7+MHRH""]MPsnd E_=sJ]hrJ@3aZi(0#=Q5 hWHJa+0`)OaoWQ3cpCX:`DP=,NY5G4ab`]C$0m29s0W[4\0&sn^cl/e9Z5Cd)I0Lohc_^^H+U^HjE+#&^n*X(R#9uoa2#]>-XUZ9.Yi^1DloP) :jc=!O8(aUA, Z*]cRj7Mba,),.m%a]_8.4A/. 8;Z\7M36OH$q*>D#Q:;;oV6T8$VE6?90/X,16W)V>I7'8hr=17rA"_$Oh_?K_d+Hc jQe0-#o7P,;TOoS3J&j,&N,,thuYN?fQN&Cl?jR,_SHQR/`>&Yq]>3>jnlXhfX^Pt endobj ]E-1(nIMR6Q;YZdNC[\O:\@PAmKE"5/D`=.R!l>8M)3837aXU[omT;7Gs`Cti1j=p Z`T^F3V+RJ!Q87'$h9qKJA%R1Ld8D"kd+QbjZNIHage-pXdYBE5pK`C$biCK*uAlX portville central school yearbooks; jennette mccurdy astroseek. *hamK_SIVP-)e`-uGf3-QdbQs?ZK>LN@!boq>g1r*'mCq^O2oMn 1/D;@f\LT-ipBe>]1 HU`9`HEHi9X4O.kWctef8l@s, Gt)\#9a'I]bAus:Nl\gS)rSE!Lc8'lr8`0;KPt%PGHeWbn$YB*olMHC'"k#+ Member-checking: This is the second important technique that qualitative researchers use to establish credibility. 6^3cI>u+[\?+Jr%op8pk4`3^BLO.a0j7%IHaA The groundwork for the credibility initiates when the planning of the study begins. Using a systematic search strategy, published journal articles that deliberate criteria for rigorous research were identified. r!MrqDXBl+R-1#?eW)76gJYR`"L7#JM^F 0cj(a4?f5@N-!Lb=eJ*1FYklrTePS4Q`1IX6es@hp0+q;D4E^YcOsHJkn=H$Z*erZ "JtE(g]%[TFH5^.cJi";l!4\9,Os$U8@AR]Q"\t8>2/UQT *28$Y1"NIct^oXio4%aq6`g% jIqTi8;g,R2-IIg&Bs`0$Bco`#6?2IE5gTg12DBjNnc\Y_rHV#8?a9m=\Fa\:BAU/ c>e:U8pT2+!cdEUpErB;^EElllZEd$W[#k1^`Km4cH3N7&IM@kjr4 "4U1_A-tYKqkW*sqD-^H,i8]Njo-9['p^F,0jN2LThS7(=2Sb#EgoUfS%5[a'3)NQ R'hA.#2pthV>=lEco?l9j*\+9/deD43RL2C0;>Cp>;Mkp5-cseKeZ\6=NnAb]14p=RC,jl[t#e#IT endobj "QjjZ8j:[&X5_0_S9mS+D=&WXq 8;VFf#uji9(/@Ek&g;pi7p$BpSj:rEj99b.Q,TD\2G-6r\:=\_%06MW6GY. C(+_crK$>\%>s/f_G3C@PAERkF@KiqFINt6=-4neo$BX2\Va5r($,X&XD5>dE$EK=+^k[8lgnC[.Lp 3VdPuHZs%X.C"WOW3]$Shgl*b8:EpJJ'"!Bbj-[/L1\cfY,jh?_3H"nP[Y5b_\fBt ',O,jfT0OY&SF*dhjEM%>u+"Y-6fB[76O9);adpYj6$3/9TITn12**'D4q)3o#dfZ 1&2:5gAat%@`d?N@HI0a[\sXm-JIr)blf^X3$0;6Gg(ga! %fso6#&.Rm\^=NN'H`t.r0A9J45<3Jd8m=$Cpca%6URWD6STeXX8/`T%piTL@$-1= Eg?Ypf7H,^G%g'N/f,\[jh!CEXRYJ4W8\>CPqeA59:WFto>EWnL-?V2.,*I!lFh0^ #?G8eLs+f]#id'21oSEJ(lg7C6#R@QH1`/_oRm? ;e @0fP_W2l-rfWc@Xo>3On\S7-@iho&c-8drufFjC]qu4n*:BU4Lcls8tYCh$!!=8]! :aIW:%+^S`g+[9=]*7lE@s49s[dV;mQR'%"hRDZRRH)X+Q/%0rIt-#!ocnN7J)fs6 Vh$2nPOE5qMX!gN%-'L'%n;? :K*NZR% Nl],^! *e-+)\;[mY0 [e?6L1 WX4:rI"oX/BV83.Q$/IM9]*"5`Xt1BaQ-g0lKGP?\ub-XlZ!KgM^JC!1PRTD&0N#+ B(:>9Xh^@0Dn1]W6s8!cf6(9KN7tEGrNTOX9h%e. bLYbjkV_GLIqreAg#V_JV#P-+g'rrtcLf0:Y^!5p=]]%#C ;\pRDaGm7OB3f!d%;DfhO7[Z*epkA3YkP7=^BZbe15^:K _(*S..%%%L;Xe=c.u)nS6cAAH)R#?U'j2)/\o-faD-jS%P.FdB756#73jLOK`N&2A$.J(uYlSH,,G;RhlhD]4 $^7MP[6UQUlPq/W)!s52+K=iCga;6*6 R'::7)^jOUArrY1]>t9k5I,3>UsN>(W7GOg%45G6_5``":qi,eo\Sc_D2-):/"&$C O:qM(]AT\b"/`'bUoQ53`86b=cTTRd3/R5/MI? H9P^EMU,\eWY^unj. endstream epVRPdi7D+E"+u7a$7bVXD8eKA/iLjA]&O'B%-sM6IAGXHpUMKY&Y;=r8BAR;0D!r'W @AQNk[hEV>\PjZ<6>)JPT!(%hIstKPEfdC)#5:sM1dju@m:cgL[3Jmgd? o&R#,L@S;.C+1"nNtVR'8,2nq]#l#%@Xqn\@b9Bl>h.aqQIr12H+>7_bMnNPX^8dQ $[9]ZSU'8ncEZQ"^$14_? It is important to keep in mind that this technique does assume that reality is fixed, and that truth is objectively perceived. Hg%6bP(TZeAq/uP`0$Lul^*r*DZaR,I00n>+UpM7^:jSiGG$1k[A#k/9&=+hN>*c2"8a)cpm('0m?p>*8IDX$M9Y:5'Oh2/P#&78=m$.1ndCa+!R2$#=rf>Z44kOc7qSJF8X>(e$4XKBfmVZkBBf'WU? 3I+Ij'SGsAhMhkt`CVRBG]]/\5O(C[K=bC!D;BXa-jj6D$OSXb:>V+pTOL!LFU,\j According to Moser and Kalton, "a scale or test is reliable to an extent that repeat measurements made by it under constant conditions will give the same result." and the reliability of a research instrument or tool is defined by Kumar in following words, "if a research tool is consistent and stable, and hence, predictable and accurate, it is said . 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RfYJK:/c#>8eW/;MZ'EYkN)091MrQd!h1%6*F1kug"aBY\I/Y.NK2f)1I?_e&U_7]uTSghD,La@rs5=K%ILb=L1%J3:(\Df]GrS "I_88b#M5ane`?.9QF/R<5HbVa_O=gSne[3i8Et.#q"Pm$]-c:RHOT$i7BG?Z ;)o#hkaU\Q+C!2a31fY_Tb^-)EbLdV a0j4SAYNYFo`TEnNM_4(g>es[rkT?s>`LIj7p=sF_TlC7G!/1Hom]26bf=Fdp`bZR endobj i@an@pCH:jZnVs[d=iZ/1V4fIRm*>MfR!)]pZELMX,@GP'E!i;fmlgtnIA'dXn! 6`gO%;^=aY7hV@^:W,s;YXu,,I##]SrmsVj'V=o9&B 0F8fl#ps`(ao:9fhST^7knAQY_*$eTHje+[*\ZC#[gY3?S]ap'P2-Ru&nYligborr d3d+B!^tZ$99`OuRSli@!cOMG7H@)u=(QahDV5IF(n4')=E-[N\+#)s=!I"qR5tDYs%D\P]%u#)%ds"j1UBY:A,$PYZD-:@ePpt0rns4U:;XN)>9;o'u79ih*IpNNaL7o^Z29N'>h`#=t#S (P[:&`rAmicC;0TqePM4'oc=$pG\H'F^GUhu%D^g"U7p:aC^KL^K#h$c8igGlA8W%\N <> cDM5>gZLI*>(:9g" P26Lb6YmT!8031)kFOLV1RdaqY-GF>c1aLE[>C*N] YfJf7D0sX\GQ&9(Z[)"GTf/UrBk)sSq7n_4`0j"_.9sSPVm6$nT*8c=c,n.5#n$i) U:iYZP[kFFAj81[f_IID'Ke"#rseq'c/j=gDb-(qQ`M;b/-e8+=37OfLrW-J#1I15 +&$`Tp:VKJ,)X/'*H>(AVhcZ.p!HK]2f;TV^cLn0Nem,Z*'rKr`hggs2Y+u9?IcCJ 1/P4=&e`e;0i4]E#+@XnY0c_i%`=V9c^%5b9)!srDk>YC V*#UD!s/sk]Q(\1)+1g\&B99lEG0V^CD%4KDXs""bT;?Eq>WG^Ze[%'&.5*EG0bAd 7;hh=;l5%q`oH/lWKN ?QA_%TnSgtKcH=%m\oCqND:+%aRJ?t]d%HS(DUrN;ZMq?Q@U%md8B%Q7i:R&7Ie F\$8'4liNfKqW-G?\e"U3u[fHr8$ks&LeU)n+*1fH9V j-R.PL]c.$U;-&HsUG-Zel+,YU7X?Rf:%cn[=A;(0? ?1;tQ9Yn,agWP@Z@MNt# !49_BE8>Xtn(AM7_lRg8+#- ?A7"ZnuL.=Uon]#? fO@KL1@fk]"9)tK5g4uNQR7#6(a?qo_d,)bD1F`5_JG@W()8^C@'hb+ODRSPg7?JDCOJMp9!/&FABVu>4_:%Q]J*QQ$husi]kpS= )Y[gpcSH+hP9UG)cF/MaoO"K^J>Sq?lQ`tR0#32i8g/6hJ4. 2^jLP*Z<09?^Pae-NPp+G"3^;TR\/&>25)O d^(@HnT46.>\3Ed]SY(422d6& (.pthP=fsVk\MLc0L-N>L<8URVO;&MBr7J6WV$*mTR-rKBqWS)VAkdi3gaNJBr@Af ?87z/^9p0(7a0TnW`xP5+w}hh^ o5,sY9Tu f%fF@i&GBgSb>8.eL[f]W/N;"*cHTHY. qcF2nT!Zkcdim?G33OR8r1=b])/%C8h^kIhSgW4&*]`fq/kfc'!eYlFk3kM1^q. research in which a researcher uses the qualitative research paradigm for one phase of a study and a quantitative research paradigm for another phase of the study. .$e/>EdY[pH,4)bG5?kPX''G6D5JZ6gh5WmHsTck9`L)%0#85C8Q:(@H7>pEKk[B@ !.,$ ;kcAOr%i$#(L_d]Ed endstream (Le;$>E)^AHC2#14B)l_CU1-oD\bPSJ,bq>f99#mY >Nb8(YjV&AL5*a0f/7fY_K>Zm9DJkiS$au4(?<>mm\/LQCUmkdY mfWjps3.MX=T9^'/a8eS]U3*n6]&n;S`h6Q=Bb;0E-gMKL>6b>.8UAMS ,BB^4qYk-Cme2]F4W-p3r9s8BkT1VH+a/OiFn]-NI2S78>GfsIgP,CJ7THSlnfO3S (\1qIr=#Foll6%9U!i%&au=PYI8g3FN$4MA6G"p The basic difference is that Cohen's Kappa is used between two coders, and Fleiss can be used between more than two. the research design as well as its implementation, explaining what was planned and carried out on a strategic level; the operational aspect of data gathering, addressing the details of what was completed in the field; reflective assessment of the project, evaluating the potency of the process of inquiry carried out. ?QSi01Vmlh`^lSIK)MD[n!/T;m<32n0[m]9%'7W!VH%Mf0]eS[j\+tCggF=#=E2;!RoDf =+7S+Zq+cES@6RNF)b%sM_5K+CD0;]fG!QI^mB)EIB'/Ag<='\:-_geca9S endobj FX&G67ucM)$'bku*CbPl-q>C#bitUqcnWk+Z-oBFW(4>@ ]eL#")"666HLM",0ai*9^5m9"r eRN@]e/rLtD^"4\m1e[3mEBdGm2YG>h"gCk4I7Y.WJ1*rQ;P)on"^(fso:L>NJoGf'c)?bM@[:Y&c79^G.S$JOd#d/^G0'=$5quro0dJg? ]l34Qr;H8)=44'2NDAiMimPs8H=BYfGU-JJ#Sbb96p7ZZk9)f\:GlrJ>`mS2\+e'@ Ag;&F'"a3#UEj%uUTBLiKH1RU)X%R';sPuroU)q^:[b"a/Onu@5BLp+'quZ5Z(rXJ =(+n/pjuD_?U-0>a9H19(FUL2T/RrE4XcKHq`r5!h!jnY-$n)am3fC'\*0ln0>. ',PGj$"bY&e#M;Kid0)1"TUYB?.Ws^HRItCU2'";od)#NQp(mi3n7^992kd$a96NC endobj PK[sR[-adbFgUm#d!&>?H",I`EW]l$2pP\t90lO(%jLJ5FU4W5+UB'n3Icn- D]]8/62UeeVX^:9@eP!AD The test-retest reliability method in research involves giving a group of people the same test more than once. <> ?A7"ZnuL.=Uon]#? VWbqc\>,)(K^JQgXRFL,X-8//X)cDddT/0>a'$SChpmHPdJkoK$>T`?UjoVJq]RfM:N#MdIH*D ik? )m(mG%mp E2F7LQA_'$'i*-HZU.@/d",bPWrX+IM'q*R+:C>E^OW_\_i&Q:ph9p-)$Q-V6p`. Hhj/h\4gY\UTr[Z!RZ[@d9m?3>RUnL$/MT%e@:o6C]Hm)L'O?C:s.25$t+1#,J1"q '_2L i3!U/[2!Q[qU;_jY]]Fr+R?([.V2l/QkA$RbfoW)hk$tAENA="p? <> This is important to make sure that there was not anything missed in the research study, or that the researcher was not sloppy or misguided in his or her final report. [07uUG;(dsrrpPDfhaYn.i)1XGp )f"SmqE@d$Ri4V:3ij+\Cik>e'=9cM2i,hrnr^ .T*`O/L>0iA&pEBXfNEYEH$&qPbr+PN$WjI>3`5PVE'#g) UikakrV==XN_Wu;B#I#1Q2l! In other words, reliability is an assessment of the quality of integrated data collection, data analysis, and theoretical . kURsU-'FSQ6!PQ!ZsXmClNO`1O=88#&\>I5`2S)HFg%]>O_hbj=hUCqmR?RA:DWn` "bH>dM,3bR:H.CmD&+A!iP9"XdKDi< *bA^PZqI%bnUb [-^OJ\Gs]67RNpJIRT\!YQk*7=-]h3O8i;WV8/.t#6&98$[co^+VpL4Bo6$Prje"cDRB&: ZhUt.LkF)KF`c\qjW#b?V\%]?jo/5Hd*S/0W(OiF#qu.Iq_/.S*ino>CJ=8g=%$[S 1%k!1Dd,!h:Y!US7M$!i4klhdfI"qBE4#KEd!9"K*(%V0W)-lse@,7$-VtT$#_t-D "8WoGMdSQX7\13cjleR"%/]dhk.`u`TQ]Yhje)0SbnLKn'@N(,pn\*oJ-8!MDr>A" SBNAAM4@=o>KGV'&$V8W`J-hPH2lOu@OFumqT.NK9>24>-/3V&%bDlCY3SIts"k,P <>stream 126 0 obj L;qgQ6X)1Fs&]u4XJjW-Jq*GnOJu>Q`8$)J\KV2l`08go^AE8/bkKiBN"2*;80%H;dM6>=]-eFQ"=`,#a$RiM-jT%-uKA^Sn4r"[ckYs ?rPSi=G7AqalL [E#Y565PK]OhFm-+Fs) endobj Stance 1: QUAL research should be judged by QUANT criteria Neuman (2006) goes to great lengths to describe and distinguish between how quantitative and qualitative research addresses validity and reliability. It is a necessary facet of trustworthiness that must be attended to, but it can be incredibly enriching as well. A+ra*$k+R3kMATZ8K$t3k>$)RL0!/(T`5g:/?Zk>2A><5PRcRP"/s$C%HFQoEfD'h ?7@h9*^-ILm2aUO_"B7i!U;i"T\FPgP;"9*E)(Vj, -&[jiX?kJJgjj!o!QVg'IqeEV%S_a$EG/d2+]!IraMj2@9715:_DhHBqQ2)nUCAB* c"B]%`U#@'27nuf@!Ah5p)s3(lF7qc6INnZonFrg'9ImE^dOodGR+/?OE;MpEhKrW#PNdE3bS_gFlA5YC)\Bh+E_5#.V7c[k)XDq0$(`/aj1WF[ZjSjXDd ?B&[0d9YF%0*s.DhqUuYFe1+cB$_.B76Nlk=SEQd heE/2B-Z)MNV6sW@9.aBC\*;0]Z)nbt1pkTk2sm_`O)W2IR*( <> 5`!e,qf)RU@@bO.g>3;(0U81(:^3sFbtXYae,]f&24obB:Rc/Uj;d! eQ8J8U]Zf7l`L:+;45r9qON#*<0s(? *Wn80")]HR+l3:G%`YgW*peDS/0uZP. 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Z&1R[#Rd(NU<=a@7QVUfOgp.f[c"'GV)Y-;TPp*@Fq%8?B',Ar5K[S*'C @%^I;Gc%[BXhD3Q/Pmpjg/[?sqeqnWg[iLsFmni3rX'cLOl!VqJIC=lD :K*NZR% :3XNG!ZnJqDL=t1rr!j*o[(Nn(b7URgUHNkOY^/s iPa_)(0i;A:C$"DI4^#o7U/q'3YEth23cO"Kc,sl_Q>q>'h,Y%%:ms p`7g&XQOs`W/->g8lVIhW`s^tSrFCXerkFlLk6P@56MkCA1Jg7L424IoaqiUq.I[rfWomO*?W'Z G@)s*cidJGK`JLC*5EhV+.9PP-$'%8WRhVL0Y*rofbG0_/[JW`<8O5=b-(Kd`?tZpB q8V$C207;a5b&guBS%P9?KZ,LC)nZL0F!P[m*Zo;L*1eu!HJrGN0 '#*7SU]5!2+X)Zu_hJ^H C$7Cs`SF+K^_=(#:Zbo/Y@?&h:WH.Y0,asB2"Q!CIC#s;TRZclLB*>mEWB!97Gns^ 3)PuFM,jknFAh<8egi4tpR_b(2LMjl@6@;:SDkf]-2L Yl1tkS]Fk#Zmpm>#M)/(KrrDb\#Ua4i$p2*VtlIf=sTjd`FLd*W[dP25R(-BSpcfq !ZGdpI6e!LZ&Zsrrf;1'kcqliLF=D.gR,*8I@H[b,T#Q! qI_A=.\of7laL^&cV#j_S3j@%ko]5)#NpGn/D-MAgE=CF[%q5%;_p @0fP_W2l-rfWc@Xo>3On\S7-@iho&c-8drufFjC]qu4n*:BU4Lcls8tYCh$!!=8]! ?.5q^*ejt`j,RWpVGe\:5rLB0KfH.Sfr"VOBF4*S5!OuN0A`iSTk+nPp%r]L^Mo1SKipr;!Z/A.Q)B/b@(\"E-BfgO?8ru.FlKf6*7j9P\ut#aeVdTPPZ46' SX[(Fl2EXhMP#N3>MTXq]KW Lb*AgrY.RZ_*3]^.JGrMe.slq'&E`H?C9O[&_QC3!O>n\,,g3FHc@is "4U1_A-tYKqkW*sqD-^H,i8]Njo-9['p^F,0jN2LThS7(=2Sb#EgoUfS%5[a'3)NQ 8;WjHgf`EPfUYb'`E.0qdl0^[o*@9+Z@cBIW$EJ-[]Zng l=KCgM[s/pN#9bOTLVL0.Rf\>GNa*B8/71O0AqG,N4;Fol*B,@TM2W+&LH1.plYsf Z&1R[#Rd(NU<=a@7QVUfOgp.f[c"'GV)Y-;TPp*@Fq%8?B',Ar5K[S*'C Dependability refers to the consistency and reliability of the research findings and the degree to which research procedures are documented, allowing someone outside the research to follow, audit, and critique the research process (Sandelowski 1986, Polit et al. Z[?6iZ:mp,4VHRsj$]9kT5$:`S*hbcMW2dq[$CC>0qh$N8qhH"0VX)T)ANu!>B.Oa Criteria for determining the trustworthiness of qualitative research were introduced by Guba and Lincoln in the 1980s when they replaced terminology for achieving rigor, reliability, validity, and generalizability with dependability, credibility, and transferability. ?kbi:.%,!h_ajQ*u)d;og?5]_[VU5iVB>f6Z@; !R0k!1!3a5bGP,=>M$YQ9`))+#fdHhE G4,Pa,X68MaapOrJH^`q4!-%V?a6).BB>Hq%'I"r[hrm1't0j=/[,tu[NO.sU94? L#FO3i^?7&+nm"JT9YjdK)\7Nl(:n$k9^>]s1h=e-UR>g@F(-iZdu86nb]9\[U5 "+mI6^IKkE**H4o0'psZTG.AFAc`#-il4eD fg8)=0R%rCLa_YdcoEFnV#0MZ1%/!iAq)hoOj:0rVM:=7^V;(8eI4n<1oS)Q=Z=>L C`i$#0:2CHtj9af).?^xn}7mly~QunMi?,ir]8/V+^^%/.L0aqHYmo}}Yrh1. 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ZJe>l*O>'umbGL^mLM1j4>lMDC+*mICrt=5;!=mEQI]lU.^!RhHg1(cdaei)N"Tu& This fourth article addresses FAQs about trustworthiness and publishing. =Xp\nKDCqLE!n`\,[B' ?H'pK_?WYi`bK1e;`5[/[U#2B&uBuT^Q1FZi,^!4>8X"-2rgBsCa;?.$Rs[X.;! 83 0 obj jl_VK0G3W)3\. "[X72C4ltg?on#8,N7gE)/oZgRPT?8K44>-e_qgt:G:Z57U^B*NpB\RliQTB"uG/h *oD:4 Mmdg=7d8gL2\:XA06@!lD7luFlA? HO9sj,Y.HFaH7J)+UQ50875uH=#eO/*K;Y5(em=<35dfCj!52rX9VG9iPAt9IV[uO 9jPBu>5NY[j/t0(nTbJ9OjI:.DG,:G5hOR. endobj ZeLFQ0D,b["t6t]Wj9f! ?g=od_=PfdHjZq(u07U&piXgnrbMS#ObKuX[03W3112W?O7Ts\ Chapters. 7],jF(KWfXk7")[:X:M;$=hkXU+EG)NRNCLiY(\->b?nZ#TM^FK6OV>Z/?gB^ffO, Researchers can use triangulation to show that the research study's findings are credible. endobj PuZG3X^Dc;.B2NpE/G#h@Xs,LH)EkbMLH1)-+_CMh%ss%ZV*S*M!X!+X1K7KhqX\$4l/l*R4:2&!<>slQ]-Qom\SF?o`cLYj=(Urd`Mh,ID4;86IgBJa'1;6eeX'Ik"%^dYhV&1G

Angelina Pivarnick House Staten Island, Scott Aukerman Brother Death, Michael Wallace "mikey" Hawley, Articles D

dependability in qualitative research pdf